Testwork Delivers Superior Quality, Low Impurity Graphite for Battery Anodes

-          Graphite circuit feed prepared at Sovereign’s existing Lilongwe laboratory facility has produced high quality concentrates in benchtop and pilot-scale flotation and cleaning

-          Four independent laboratories all successfully produced high-grade graphite concentrate averaging over 97% Total Graphite Content (TGC) with flotation recoveries exceeding 90%

-          Flotation results demonstrated 1.44% TGC run-of-mine Kasiya ore upgrades to more than 55% TGC rougher concentrate without crushing or milling, process steps typically required for producing graphite concentrates from hard-rock deposits; contributing to the unique low cost characteristics of Kasiya’s saprolite hosted graphite

-          Graphite concentrates indicate exceptionally low levels of sulphur compared to typical hard-rock graphite peers – a key metric to qualify as active anode material for lithium-ion batteries

-          Results are part of ongoing testwork being undertaken as part of the Company’s graphite marketing and active anode qualification strategy, supervised by Dr Surinder Ghag

-          Downstream testwork to produce and characterise Coated Spherical Purified Graphite (CSPG) active anode material continues at German graphite consultancy ProGraphite GmbH

May 8th, 2024 – Sovereign Metals Limited (ASX:SVM; AIM:SVML) (the Company or Sovereign) is pleased to announce the results of graphite testwork completed at multiple independent laboratories in Australia, Canada and South Africa.

Graphite flotation and cleaning testwork was conducted on graphite circuit feed from Sovereign’s Kasiya Rutile-Graphite Project (Kasiya or Project) at four different laboratories, which all successfully produced high-grade graphite concentrate (94.9%-97.8% TGC) at high flotation recoveries (91.2%-97.2%).

The testwork demonstrated excellent results using a conventional flowsheet that was consistent across all laboratories, thus confirming Sovereign’s ability to produce a high quality graphite concentrate.  

Managing Director Frank Eagar commented: “Our ability to upgrade Kasiya ore at 1.4% graphite to a 55% rougher concentrate without any crushing or milling, highlights more of the unique qualities of Kasiya. There are very limited other graphite projects with these characteristics. The pilot-scale results also confirm that Kasiya produces high-grade concentrates with very low sulphur levels at high recoveries. Simply put, Kasiya will be a standout producer of high-quality graphite concentrate at industry low operating costs.”

ENQUIRIES

Frank Eagar (South Africa/Malawi)

Managing Director

+61(8) 9322 6322

Sam Cordin (Perth)

+61(8) 9322 6322

Sapan Ghai (London)

+44 207 478 3900

The graphite circuit feed provided to the various laboratories was produced at the Company’s existing laboratory facility in Lilongwe, Malawi, where it was screened and separated over a wet shaking table.

Figure 1: Holman Wilfley 2000 wet shaking table in action demonstrating clear separation between Rutile HM, waste and Graphite

The graphite feed grades of 3.5%-4.0% TGC to the graphite circuit are significantly higher than the Mineral Resource Grade of 1.44%, highlighting the ~2.4-2.8-fold upgrading of graphite grades when ROM ore passes through the front-end rutile gravity separation circuit.

This demonstrates the ease of separating the rutile heavy mineral and graphite streams from the front end of the Kasiya Pre-feasibility Study process flowsheet. Subsequently, the two product streams pass into distinct, industry-standard, final product flowsheets. This further highlights the commercial benefits of having both rutile and graphite mineralisation co-existent in the same soft saprolite-hosted orebody.

The first stage of upgrading the graphite feed, rougher flotation, achieved very high rejection (>90%) of waste materials to rougher tails, producing a rougher concentrate with more than 55% TGC and very high recoveries (94%-98%) in laboratory scale testing consistently across all four laboratories. Upgrading the graphite feed at very high recoveries and rejection of non-graphitic minerals without run-of-mine milling is another of Kasiya’s significant advantages, supporting the lowest cost graphite production.

The rougher concentrate was further upgraded through laboratory scale flotation, cleaning and polishing stages, producing high-grade concentrates at high graphite circuit recoveries.

Figure 2: High-level process flowsheet for rutile and graphite production at Kasiya

Pilot-scale testwork confirmed the laboratory-scale results with >90% TGC recovery to high-grade graphite concentrates (180-micron concentrate at 96.9% TGC and >180-micron concentrate at 97.2% TGC).

Figure 2: Graphite flotation test work at Australia-based ALS Global

HIGHLY FAVOURABLE IMPURITY PROFILE

Kasiya concentrates have very low levels of sulphur. Sulphur can be difficult to remove in the purification processes required to produce anode materials. Other major impurities important for anode material purification processes are iron (Fe), silicon (Si) and aluminium (Al). The Kasiya material has exceptionally low levels of all of these impurities. Benchmarked against the Chinese Standard (China dominates the supply of graphite for battery anodes) this could potentially lead to significant commercial advantages during purification and Kasiya’s potential as a long term secure source of graphite ex-China.  

1. National Standard of China – Flake Graphite (GB/T 3518-2023)
2. Asbury Carbons – A Study Comparing the Performance of Natural Flake Graphite from Two Different Geographical Regions (https://asbury.com/media/1170/a-study-comparing-the-performance-of-natural-flake-graphite.pdf)

CONTINUING DOWNSTREAM TEST WORK

Kasiya concentrate has been sent for downstream testwork at respected graphite consultancy ProGraphite to produce and characterise CSPG active anode material for lithium-ion batteries. ProGraphite is conducting shaping, purification, and coating testwork to produce CSPG and evaluate the electrochemical performance of Kasiya CSPG. This will provide baseline data for further optimisation and engagement with off-takers. Initial outcomes of this test work are expected to be released in the coming weeks.

Competent Person Statement

The information in this report that relates to Metallurgical Testwork is based on information compiled by Dr Surinder Ghag, PhD., B. Eng, MBA, M.Sc., who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (MAusIMM). Dr Ghag is engaged as a consultant by Sovereign Metals Limited. Dr Ghag has sufficient experience, which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking, to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the 'Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves'. Dr Ghag consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.

The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results is based on information compiled by Mr Samuel Moyle, a Competent Person who is a member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM). Mr Moyle is the Exploration Manager of Sovereign Metals Limited and a holder of ordinary shares and unlisted performance rights in Sovereign Metals Limited. Mr Moyle has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken, to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the 'Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves'. Mr Moyle consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.

Forward Looking Statement

This release may include forward-looking statements, which may be identified by words such as "expects", "anticipates", "believes", "projects", "plans", and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are based on Sovereign’s expectations and beliefs concerning future events. Forward looking statements are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside the control of Sovereign, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be correct. Sovereign makes no undertaking to subsequently update or revise the forward-looking statements made in this release, to reflect the circumstances or events after the date of that release.

This announcement has been approved and authorised for release by the Company’s Managing Director CEO, Frank Eagar.

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